Seeing Muscovy Anew: Politics—Institutions—Culture: Essays in Honor of Nancy Shields Kollmann brings together nineteen thought-provoking essays from an international group of specialists in medieval and early modern Russian and Ukrainian studies to honor the inspiring scholarship of Nancy Shields Kollmann. The contributions are grouped into thematic categories that reflect Kollmann’s wide-ranging interests: 1) the politics of rule, 2) conflicted belief, 3) testimony of the visual, 4) institutions outside the box, and 5) empire and outer spaces. This collection will be an invaluable resource for scholars concerned with the dynamics of Muscovite politics and culture broadly construed.  

Contributors include: Sergei Bogatyrev, Charles J. Halperin, Valerie A. Kivelson, Russell E. Martin, David Goldfrank, Donald Ostrowski, Michael S. Flier, Daniel Rowlad, Gary Marker, Isolde Thyrêt, Janet Martin, Paul Bushkovitch, Eve Levin, Alexander Kamenskii, Brian J. Boeck, Erika Monahan, Georg B. Michels, Serhii Plokhy, Martina Winkler

The stories in this collection are intended for intermediate to advanced students of Russian who already have a good knowledge of basic Russian grammar and wish to expand their vocabulary, develop their skills in reading, as well as in speaking and writing. This annotated reader, therefore, is quite suitable as a textbook for courses devoted to reading Russian literature in the original, courses in Russian conversation and composition, for independent study, or simply for personal enrichment. Every attempt has been made to enhance the student’s understanding and appreciation of the stories, the historical-cultural context in which they were written, and the author’s use of language. The texts are accented, key words and phrases are glossed in the margins, while idiomatic expressions, slang, and colloquialisms are treated in the footnotes. Where appropriate, the footnotes also contain translations of difficult passages, as well as cultural and grammatical commentaries.

A Sense of Place contains papers, from a conference dedicated to Akhmatova's centennial, which focus not on her poetry by itself, but on the place where she spent her formative years, Tsarskoe Selo (now, of course, called Pushkin), and on the poetic tradition that was connected with the town. By Akhmatova's day Tsarskoe Selo was fraught with connotations: it was, thanks to Pushkin and the other poets who had attended the lycee, in a sense the birthplace of modern Russian literature, at the same time that its formal layout and striking architecture created an ambience of their own. Around the turn of the century an entire cluster of poets became closely associated with the town, including Innokenty Annensky, Nikolai Gumilev, and Vasily Komarovsky. The contributions to the conference, taken as a group, comprise an exploration of what might be termed the poetics of Tsarskoe Selo. Some papers examine the effect of the town on Akhmatova's poetry or on that of her contemporaries, others look at the relationship among the writers who lived there and who formed a kind of Russian Bloomsbury, and still others focus on the sculpture and landscaping of Tsarskoe Selo, which in turn had a great effect on the poetry. In short, the collection, taking an interdisciplinary approach, attempts to define what might be termed a "Tsarskoe Selo style." A recognition of that style not only provides insights into the writings (and lives) of this particular set of poets, but it can also help lead to an understanding of the ways in which other locals have interacted with and influenced various schools of literature.

Contents:

Peter Hayden: Tsarskoe Selo: The History of the Ekaterininskii and Aleksandrovskii Parks;
Lev Loseff: The Toy Town Ruined;
Andrei Ariev: "The Splendid Darkness of a Strange Garden": Tsarskoe Selo in the Russian Poetic Tradition and Akhmatova's "Ode to Tsarskoe Selo";
Anna Lise Crone: Akhmatova and the Passing of the Swans: Horatian Tradition and Tsarskoe Selo;
Anatoly Naiman: The Place of Tsarskoe Selo in Akhmatova's Poetry;
Sonia Ketchian: Returns to Tsarskoe Selo in the Verse of Anna Akhmatova;
Wendy Rosslyn: Remodelling the Statues at Tsarskoe Selo: Akhmatova's Approach to the Poetic Tradition;
Nancy Pollack: Annensky's "Trefoil in the Park" (Witness of Whiteness);
A. E. Anikin: "Classical" and "Tsarskoe Selo" in the Works of Annensky: Some Observations in Regard to Acmeism;
Michael Basker: Gumilev, Annensky and Tsarskoe Selo: Gumilev's "Tsarskosel'skii krug idei";
Barry Scherr: Gumilev and Parnassianism;
Tomas Venclova: The Exemplary Resident of Tsarksoe Selo and the Great Pupil of the Lycïe: Some Observations on the Poetics of Count Vasily Alekseevich Komarovsky; Andre Ustinov: Two Episodes from the Biography of Nikolai Gumilev;
Valery Sazhin: On Publishing History of a Bibliography of Tsarskoe Selo.
Appendix I: Publication. E. F. Gollerbakh: Recollections of Tsarskoe Selo {A Publication Prepared and Introduced by E. A. Gollerbakh}.
Appendix II: Synopses of other papers. Iury Molok: Pushkin's Monuments; Roman Timenchik: On Akhmatova's Tsarskoe-Selo Code; A. E. Parnis: The Futurist Khlebnikov as a Successor to the Tsarskoe Selo Tradition.

A Short Dictionary of 18th-Century Russian is one of several useful philological tools Slavica has published in its fifty years. A similar tool we reprinted in hard copy form is the 2012 corrected reprint of Horace Lunt’s A Concise Dictionary of Old Russian: 11th–17th Centuries, edited by and with additional material developed by Oscar Swan; information at https://slavica.indiana.edu/bookListings/linguistics/Concise_ Dictionary_of_Old_Russian. Both books are intended to supplement an excellent vocabulary in modern Russian, and merely cover gaps or additions which apply to old and medieval Russian.

Slavica would like to express its sincere thanks to the late Charles E. Gribble for graciously granting permission for this reprint. (Professor Gribble passed away on June 3, 2016; for details see https://cmrs.osu.edu/ news/memoriam-dr.-charles-chuck-gribble.) We welcome comments on this and other forthcoming titles to be released in this series.

Click 07 Gribble_18th_Century_Dictionary.pdf to begin download

The grammar has three primary purposes. First, it may serve as a practical handbook, presenting the essential linguistic facts of contemporary Bulgarian to the foreign language learner who seeks to deepen his understanding of Bulgarian beyond the bare bones of the language textbook and classroom. Second, it is a comprehensive reference grammar, providing information about the structure of synchronic Bulgarian in a concise and readily usable form (the only prerequisites are the ability to read the Cyrillic alphabet and familiarity with basic linguistic terminology and concepts) which is nonetheless sufficiently detailed to be descriptively adequate. Third, it reflects the fruits of the author's lifetime of research into the structure of contemporary Bulgarian, providing original and linguistically acute observations which far transcend the typical mechanical survey of all the grammar typically provided in reference grammars. Moreover, the exposition is enriched with authentic examples taken from real, present-day language, both spoken usage and written prose (many examples are extracted from the author's collection of spoken and printed text corpora). The examples are fully translated in parallel English, and they provide the learner with a constant stream of interesting and accessible Bulgarian text to deepen his/her practical knowledge. As a result, the book is a must read for everyone from intermediate language learners to experienced researchers in Bulgarian linguistics. It would be an unsurpassed textbook for a course in the structure of Bulgarian. The grammar covers phonetics, morphology, and syntax in detail, and weaves in extensive discussion of semantics and usage. Special attention is devoted to the complex Bulgarian system of tenses, moods, and aspect. Here especially the reader will find penetrating, yet intuitively accessible presentations of classic problems in the morphology and syntax of Bulgarian. The exposition is supported by easy-to-read diagrams and tables in which the basic paradigmatic facts are presented in a form which gives the learner a very convenient reference tool. The book contains an index of terms and a selected index of Bulgarian words. Kjetil Rå Hauge is Senior Lecturer of Bulgarian at the University of Oslo, where he has taught Bulgarian language and linguistics since the late 1970s. His previous published work on Bulgarian grammar includes "The Word Order of Predicate Clitics in Bulgarian" (Meddelelser, Nr. 10, University of Oslo, 1976), one of the first major efforts to apply the methodology of modern generative syntax to the analysis of the Bulgarian clitic system, and which influenced an entire generation of South Slavic syntacticians.

Preface 1. The Sound System 1 2. The Writing System 13 3. Nouns 19 4. Adjectives 36 5. Adverbs 41 6. Pronouns 43 7. Numerals 75 8. Verbs 85 9. Prepositions 150 10. Other Word-Classes 183 11. Parts of the Sentence 187 12. Negation 211 13. Sentence Types 214 14. Syntactic Definiteness 221 15. Complex Sentences 224 Selected Bibliography 253 Index of Terms 256 Index of Bulgarian Words 261

The first modern descriptive grammar of Lithuanian in English, this book is intended above all for university students and linguists, but is readily accessible to a broader audience if they are willing to look up a few grammatical terms in a dictionary. The fourteen chapters of the book cover almost all aspects of Lithuanian grammar: phonology and phonetics, including stress; nouns; adjectives; pronouns; numerals; verbs; adverbs; case usage; prepositions; time expressions; conjunctions; the sentence; agreement; word order. In morphology word derivation as well as declension and conjugation is treated, and material on syntax in included in several chapters, especially the later ones. Where appropriate, short remarks on contrastive Lithuanian-English matters are given. Although the presentation is a synchronic one, in certain places short comments and explanations of diachronic matters are given in small type. Professor Mathiassen's book has a very detailed Table of Contents and an index, as well as a substantial bibliography.

1. O.O. Potebnja's Conception of Russian Morphosyntax Viewed in its Historical Context

2. V. Jagic's Contribution to Slavic Syntax

3. A.M. Peskovskij's Vision of Russian Syntax.

4. S. Ivsic's Contribution to Slavic Comparative Linguistics

5. Baudouin de Courtenay as Perceived by American Linguists (R. Jakobson and E. Stankiewicz) Assessments of Roman Jakobson's Scholarship

6. Jakobson's Contribution to Slavic Accentology

7. Jakobson's Inquiry Into the Cultural Legacy of the Slavic Middle Ages 8. Jakobson's Final Word on Phonology

9. Jakobson's Concept of General Meaning

10. Jakobson's Notion of the Linguistic Sign: From Saussure to Peirce

Appendices: Obituaries and Encyclopedic Entries i. L. V. Scerba ii. J. Bauer iii. M.Vasmer iv. A. Schmaus Three Swedish Slavists v. R. Ekblom vi. A. Sjoberg vii. N.A. Nilsson

Bibliographic Notes

A writer, screenwriter, and playright, Jan Novák left Communist Czechoslovakia for Chicago as a teenager in 1969. Novák writes in both Czech and English and has received numerous awards for his works in both America and the Czech Republic.

The ethnic, religious, linguistic, and cultural diversity, the perceived distance from Western culture as well as linguistic barriers make access to South Slavic folk cultures difficult. In spite of that there is a surprisingly large number of publications in Western languages, but many of them are hardly known even to specialists. The bibliography puts together the extant scholarly literature on the folk cultures of the majority of the South Slavic peoples in the three major languages: English, German, and French, beginning with the first itineraries, topographies, and ethnographic descriptions. It is comprehensive insofar as it covers all aspects of folk culture in the broadest sense, i.e., the past and present everyday culture of South Slavic peoples. Anthropological, sociological, historical, cultural geographical, and other relevant works are included as well as a selection of literature on Balkan history and geography (including travel reports). The large number of titles made it necessary to concentrate on the folk cultures in those South Slavic countries that were under Ottman rule well into the 19th century and whose populations are Christian Orthodox or Muslim, i.e., Bosnia-Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia. It also covers minority groups in these countries and South Slavic ethnic groups and emigrants outside these countries. With its 7,654 titles, the bibliography provides the student and teacher of Southeast European culture with a study and research tool. It also will make known to a wider public the findings of Balkan culture studies and thus will further the understanding of this region. The bibliography is divided into 16 major subject headings: 1) Balkan peoples, national and ethnic groups; 2) Regions and culture areas; 3) Folkloristics, ethnography, ethnology, anthropology; 4) Folk culture (general); 5) Material folk culture; 6) Social folk culture; 7) Folk religion, folk medicine; 8) Folklore (general); 9) Folk narrative; 10) Folk song, epic song; 11) Folk music; 12) Balkan studies 13) Cultural and intellectual history; 14) History; 15) Geography, topography; 16) Itineraries, travel reports; Index of authors. Each section is broken down into numerous subsections, making it easy to find everything on a topic. Thus, "Material folk culture" is divided into twenty-seven subheadings: Material culture (in general); Museums, Open air museums; Agriculture, tools, implements, farming; Viticulture, gardening, rose cultivation; Pastoralism, transhumance, cattle-breeding; Hunting, fishing; Transportation, traffic; Trade, traders, markets; Crafts, guilds, home industry; Mining; Village, settlement, settlement pattern; House, dwelling; Architectural monuments; Ceramics, metalwork, vessels; Food, cooking; Drink, drinking, stimulants; Textiles, carpets, wall carpets, weaving; Dress, costume; Embroidery, needlework, knitting; Folk art, popular aesthetics (general); Symbols, ornaments, colors; Wood carving, plastic art; Jewellery; Pictures, painting, naive painting; Religious folk art; Icons, prints, frescos; Cemeteries, graves, gravestones.

"Recommended for Balkan, Slavic, and folk culture collections at the upper-division undergraduate level and above." (Choice)

"...will be welcomed by scholars interested in the Balkans." (Journal of American Folklore)

"...wird auch der Suedosteuropa-Historiker reichen Gewinn ziehen..." Jahrbuecher fuer Geschichte Osteuropas "...einen unentbehrlichen Arbeitsbehelf ... Die Lektuere des Bandes ... fuehrt zu einer Art intellektuellen aber auch emotionellen Euphorie..." (Zeitschrift fuer Volkskunde)

"It is surely an indication of the success of a volume such as this that the user's reaction should be to wonder how it was possible to have managed without it." (SEER)

"...Monumentalbibliographie ... einen unentbehrlichen Arbeitshilf..." (Jahrbuch fuer Volksliedforschung)

Dmitry Prigov (1940–2007), the most prominent figure in Moscow Conceptualism, is not well known in the West because of a lack of English translations of his work and scholarship in English. This collection of articles by some of the most devoted experts on his work aims to change that by providing detailed discussions in English of Prigov’s broad-based oeuvre in the visual arts, poetry, and performance. The Prague workshop in 2014 upon which this collection is based situates his work in a global comparative perspective. Prigov traveled constantly in the 1990s and 2000s, and this movement between cultures is reflected in many of his works, which stage the visual and verbal image in an international environment. Prigov understood his artistic creativity as a lifelong project which surmounts the text in the service of strategic behavior. Each dimension of his creative work is distinguished through its performative character: writing, drawing, painting, poetry readings, which conceptualize a “new anthropology.”

The first section discusses the general nature of the cyclical organization in Popa's work, and demonstrates the unified character of the 1980 edition of his collected works (published as seven separate volumes in Serbo-Croatian, but as a single volume in the 1978-1979 English translation). The central portion of the book is devoted to one of these seven volumes, Vucha so ("Wolf Salt"), which is analyzed on three different levels. First, Vuchja so is discussed as a complete poetic unit; then each of the seven cycles within Vuchja so is examined as a self-contained unit; and finally, three of the forty poems contained in Vuchja so are analyzed as individual poetic units. The concluding portion of the book demonstrates how each of the individual units discussed functions simultaneously on its own and as part of the larger unit within which it is embedded; it also shows that the Jakobsonian method of poetic analysis, originally thought by Jakobson to be restricted to a single poem (or, "the simultaneous synthesis accomplished by the immediate memory of a short poem") can be successfully applied to larger poetic units as well. "The result is a highly conscientious, scholarly work, the first study at any length of Popa in English. It represents a fine contribution to the field..." (SEER) "Alexander has brilliantly fulfilled her goals by giving us not only the best presentation of Popa's poetry that has so far appeared but also the best analysis of its meaning." (SR) "Alexander's approach is admirably successful. Her analyses are lucid and coherent." (SEEJ)

Studia Caroliensia offers a selection of new research in Slavic linguistics and folklore in honor of Professor Charles E. Gribble. Gribble has touched the lives of literally thousands of students, professional colleagues, and lovers of Slavic languages and cultures, both directly through his own teaching, research, and publications, and indirectly through his labors as head of Slavica Publishers. Now Professor of Slavic Languages at The Ohio State University, he has retained the same dedication and enthusiasm for all areas of Slavic philology through forty-five years of teaching, scholarship, and leadership in the Slavic field. The essays collected in this volume offer a sampling of the range of scholarly themes on which Charles Gribble has worked over the years. Contributors include fellow students who studied together with him at Harvard, former students whose own contributions to the field have been shaped by his teaching, authors of books published by Slavica, and professional colleagues from around the world whose research has been influenced by his work.

Contents

Vladimir E. Alexandrov

The "Otherworld" in Nabokov's The Gift     7

Joachim T. Baer

Mikhail Kuzmin's The Miraculous Life of Count Joseph Balsamo Cagliostro: Artfulness and Metaphysics     9

John A. Barnstead

Nabokov, Kuzmin, Chekhov and Gogol' Systems of Reference in "Lips to Lips"     15

Diana Lewis Burgin

Mythical Ballads and Metaballadic Myth in Bryusov's Verse     34

Julian W. Connolly

Boris Vakhtin's "The Sheepskin Coat" and Nikolai Gogol''s "The Overcoat"     50

Anna Lisa Crone

Wood and Trees: Mandel'shtam's Use of Dante's Inferno in "Preserve My Speech"     61

Margaret Dalton

A Russian Best-Seller of the Early Twentieth Century Evdokiya Apollonovna Nagrodskaya's The Wrath of Dionysus     74

Dobrochna Dyrcz-Freeman

Minskii's Al'ma: A Bridge to the Twentieth Century     87

Joan Delaney Grossman

Bryusov after Symbolism: Mirror of Shades     102

Edythe C. Haber

Teffi's Adventure Novel     140

Norman W. Ingham

The Case of the Unreliable Narrator: Leskov's "White Eagle"     153

Simon Karlinsky

Misanthropy and Sadism in Lermontov's Plays     166

Sonia I. Ketchian

An Inspiration for Anna Akhmatova's Requiem: Hovannes Tumanian     175

Heinrich Kunstmann

Where the Hutsuls Got Their Name     189

Nicholas Lee

Manifestations of the Feminine in Solzhenitsyn's August 1914     197

Vladimir Markov

Some Remarks on Bal'mont's Epigraphs     212

Earl D. Sampson

The Poacher and the Polluter: The Environmental Theme in Nagibin     222

Linda Nadine Saputelli

The Long-Drawn Sunset of Fialta; Robert Szulkin: Nikolai Negorev: A Voice from the Void     233

Robert Szulkin

Nikolai Negorev: A Voice from the Void     243

Walter Vickery

Kyukhel'beker's "On the Death of Chernov" and Lermontov's "The Death of a Poet": The "Foreigners"     255

Lynn Visson

Chekhov's Stories and Music: The Unspoken Language     274

"Twenty-one scholars... contributed studies, which... are innovative, insightful, and solid and which, equally important, suggest new strategies and directions for the next half century of research into Russian literature." (SR) "...something here for anyone with a serious interest in Russian literature..." (SEER) "...full of stimulating papers... (SEEJ)

This book provides some of the fruits of a career teaching Slavic linguistics and phonological theory. Bill Darden was trained in both Prague-School linguistics and generative phonology, and integrates both in his work. He was among the early proponents of the relevance of phonemics and the distinction between morphophonology and phonology in generative phonology. He uses his knowledge of Slavic history to marshal theoretical arguments in phonology, and uses phonological theory to help explain phenomena in the history of Russian. In pure historical linguistics, he offers possible solutions for one of the biggest problems in Balto-Slavic historical linguistics—the reconstruction of the Balto-Slavic verb and the sources of that system in Indo-European.

Contents

P. Arant

Excursus on the Theme in Russian Oral Epic Song     7

J. Bailey

The Basic Structural Characteristics of Russian Literary Meters     9

S. Blumstein

Phonological Aspects of Aphasic Speech     17

W. Browne

Form and Meaning in Serbo-Croatian Conjugation     39

R. Channon

On Passivization in Russian     44

C. Chvany

Analysis of a Poem by Teffi     49

G. Clivio

A Note on Two Oppositions of Standard Italian with a Low Functional Yield     61

I. Corten

The Influence of Dostoevskij on Majakovskij's Poem "Pro Chto"     70

M. Curran

Suxovo-Kobylin's Smert' Tarelkina     76

R. De Rijk

St. Augustine on Language     84

I. Fairley

Syntax as Style: An Analysis of Three Cummings' Poems     91

F. Gladney

Some Rules for Nasals in Polish     105

N. Ingham

The Litany of Saints in `Molitva sv. Troice     121

P. Kiparsky

Metrics and Morphophonemics in the Kalevala     137

R. Klymasz

Syllabo-Stanzaic Stability and the Ukrainian Kolomyjka: A Case Study     149

 J. Kolsti

Albanian Oral Epic Poetry     165

G. Lakoff

Phonological Restructuring and Grimm's Law     168

M. Levin

The Structure of the Russian Proverb     180

T. Lightner

An Analysis of akan'e and ikan'e in Modern Russian Using the Notion of Markedness     188

J. Manson

Pushkin's Evgenij Onegin: A Study in Literary Counter-Point     201

D. G. Miller

Traces of Indo-European Metre in Lydian     207

L. Newman

Derived Imperfectives from Perfective i-Verbs in Russian     222

K. O'Connor

Theme and Color in Blok's "Stikhi o prekrasnoi dame"     233

J. Perkowski

Kashubian Caviare     246

P. Radley

Emotion in a Formalist: The Jakobson-Khodasevich Polemic     248

O. Ronen

Mandel'shtam's Kashchej     252

R. Rothstein

The Poetics of Proverbs     265

E. Sampson

Maria Pawlikowska's Lyrical Miniatures     275

E. Scatton

On the Loss of Proto-Slavic Diphthongs     281

L. H. Scott

"Sdrats Ye, Gus Paudheen!"     289

M. Shapiro

Constantine's "proglas'': An Accentological Commentary     299

R. Szulkin

Modes of Perception in Jurij Olesha's Liompa     309

C. Townsend

Part of Speech in Roots and the Zero-Suffix in Russian     313

B. T'sou

Some Aspects of Linguistic Parallelism and Chinese Versification     318

R. Whitman

On Generative Semantics.     329

"This highly stimulating collection... contains something for everybody." (Slavonic and East European Review)

Contents

Introduction     9

Chapter One

The Evolution of the Lyric Hero   14

Stone     17

Tristia     23

Verses 1921-25     30

From Poetry to Prose     34

The End of the Novel     37

Westernizing Buddhism     40

The Nature of the World     43

Chapter Two: The Noise of Time

Literary Reminiscences of Russian Childhoods     49

Music and Memory     63

Thematic Patterns     73

Chapter Three: The Egyptian Stamp

Towards a New Prose     84

The Fire of Time     96

Associative Chains     106

Reading, Writing, Delirium     121

The Implicit Author     132

The Design of The Egyptian Stamp     139

Chapter Four: "Fourth Prose" And "Journey to Armenia"

"Fourth Prose"     143

"Journey to Armenia"     153

Conclusion     164

Notes     169

Works Cited     178

"...Isenberg has done Mandel'shtam scholarship a service." (SR) "...his discussion of the structures, themes and problems of the prose remains balanced, lucid and accessible throughout... it (a future study) could not afford to neglect Isenberg's sensitive, important readings of Mandel'shtam's literary prose." (SEEJ)

"...tragt Wesentliches zum Verstandis einer schwierigen, experimentellen Prosa bei..." (KL)

The new edition of A Supplementary Russian-English Dictionary (ASRED 2) follows the same principles outlined in the first edition of 1992 and, likewise, contains important words and expressions not found in either of the two dictionaries most often used in the U.S. It is primarily designed as a companion and supplement to these, although it may also be used independently. In ASRED 2 the net has been cast much wider than in the first edition and the volume of lexical material has been increased substantially. It builds upon what already exists, filling an alarming gap between what has been recorded thus far, and what is possible to record. The adopted approach was that of a single volume of manageable size which concentrates exclusively on previously uncited material. Any scholarship should be characterized by completeness and balance. In ASRED 2 the two have a special significance. The notion of completeness in a dictionary of a living language is a contradiction in terms: a language is constantly evolving, and the process is only complete when it dies. Even a meticulously developed and rigorously executed selection process has a certain randomness about it. By its very nature it will yield results that are weighted. If ASRED 2 has any bias at all, it is towards those areas of linguistic usage that have received the greatest prominence over recent years. The various linguistic forces at work result in a certain unevenness when one examines a synchronic slice of the language: some categories of words are scarcely noticeable, others abound. Here one has in mind terms which are a consequence of recent extraordinary political events, terrorism on a global scale, drug trafficking, technological developments, concerns about the conservation of natural resources, the spread of AIDS, and many other areas which are re-fashioning the world and its languages. ASRED 2 pays particular attention to the spoken word. This is amply illustrated by many thousands of words and expressions which bear stylistic labels denoting more relaxed forms of speech: colloquial, vernacular, vulgar, taboo and slang. ASRED 2 is both derivative and non-derivative. It is derivative in the sense that it continues a tradition in bilingual lexicography which goes back many years. Successive Russian-English dictionaries owe a tremendous debt to their predecessors. The non-derivative nature of this book is at the same time its greatest strength. ASRED 2 offers the user something new and exciting through its presentation in a convincing form of previously undocumented material in a bilingual dictionary. ASRED 2 can be used profitably by students of Russian, translators, interpreters or indeed by anyone who works on Russian seriously.

About the author: Stephen Marder has been continuously involved with the Russian language since the age of 18 in a great variety of environments: blossoming into an abiding passion at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies (University of London), through experience in the U.S. military, professional use as a translator in Mongolia, lecturer in Russian at Victoria University of Wellington (New Zealand), or program administrator and translator at George Mason University (Fairfax, VA). Most recently, the author has been applying his language skills in the government sector. ASRED and ASRED2 were both written and published during the author’s otherwise active career while living in vastly different places around the globe.

Disterheft examines the syntactic shift from the proto-IE nominalized verb to the morphologically distinct infinitives of the daughter languages. For this she focuses on the syntax of the infinitives in three groups (Indo-Iranian, Celtic, and Hittite) that have morphologically conservative infinitives. Applying internal reconstruction and the comparative method, the author concludes that purpose clauses and complements to verbs whose subjects control coreferential noun phrase deletion employed the still-nominal form during the PIE period. In the Rig Veda and Old Irish the reanalysis of nominalizations as non-finite predicates can still be seen in progress. Contents Chapter 1. The Indo-European problem

 1.0 Introduction  9  1.1Morphology  12  1.2 Syntax  17

Chapter 2. Syntax of the infinitive in the Rigveda

 2.0 Introduction  27  2.1 Previous Syntactic descriptions  28  2.2 The predicate infinitive  40  2.3 The imperative infinitive  49  2.4 The infinitive in relative clauses  53  2.5 Purpose clauses  57  2.6 Temporal clauses with infinitive  2.7 Verb complements  2.8 Adjective and noun complements; Sentential subject  83

Chapter 3. Syntax of the Old Iranian infinitive

 3.0 Introduction  87  3.1 Past research   87  3.2 Predicate infinitive  88  3.3 Imperative infinitive  91  3.4 Relative clauses  93  3.5 Purpose clauses  94  3.6 verb complements  97

Chapter 4. The Indo-Iranian infinitive

 4.0 Introduction  103  4.1 Constraints on subject and object  104  4.2 Word order  110  4.3 Voice  111  4.4 Indeterminacy of analysis  120  4.5 Reconstructing Indo-Iranian  129

Chapter 5. The Celtic verbal noun

 5.0 Introduction  135  5.1 Verb complements  142  5.2 Purpose clauses  150  5.3 Sentential subject  152  5.4 Indeterminate constructions  155  5.5 Conclusions  159

Chapter 6. The Hittite infinitive

 6.0 Introduction  161  6.1 Imperative infinitive  165  6.2 Purpose clauses  166  6.3 Verb complements  170  6.4 Complements to nouns and adjectives  177  6.5 Conclusions  178

Chapter 7. Reconstructing the Proto-Indo-European infinitive

 7.0 Introduction  181  7.1 Comparison of the infinitive in Indo-Iranian, Celtic, and Hittite  181  7.2 Other Indo-European evidence  192  7.3 Gradual nature of syntactic change  196  7.4 Effects of reanalysis  198

"...a good book. It is to be recommended as a model for sound comparative IE syntactical research..." (Celtica)